Diet 5p for pancreatitis: complete and tasty nutrition

Acute pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the body in which enzymes normally produced by the pancreas to ensure normal digestion are not excreted into the duodenum, but destroy pancreatic tissue. In this case, the patient feels severe pain in the epigastrium, and also suffers from vomiting with bile impurities.

Principles of nutrition for pancreatitis

To alleviate the patient’s condition, the following simple rules should be strictly adhered to:

• In case of particularly acute pancreatitis, you should refrain from eating food for one to two days. After eliminating the functional load on the diseased organ, the pain usually weakens.
• Further, while continuing treatment of pancreatitis, you need to eat often. During exacerbations of pancreatic dysfunction, doctors recommend eating every 3-4 hours, or 5-6 times daily.
• It is possible to reduce the load on the pancreas by taking enzymes.
• But the amount of food consumed should be significantly reduced. It is advised to limit yourself to two tablespoons of food at one time.
• At the beginning of treatment, during exacerbation, it is recommended to eat exclusively liquid food.
• To facilitate the digestion of food, as well as to avoid irritation of the mucous layer of the stomach lining, you should eat only mechanically crushed food. For example, grind dishes with a blender until pureed.
• When choosing dishes, you must follow a strict diet.

Diet for diseases of the pancreas

The treatment table, intended for patients with pancreatitis, is low in calories, and is also depleted in fats, carbohydrates and enriched in protein. In diet therapy there is the so-called diet number 5p

is a diet specially developed by the legendary Russian gastroenterologist Pevzner for pancreatitis of the pancreas.

During an exacerbation of the disease, all its instructions must be strictly followed, while in a state of remission, small deviations from the nutritionist’s recommendations are allowed.

In acute pancreatitis, a stricter dietary regimen is recommended than in remission of the disease.

The daily norm of the 5p diet according to Pevzner is 1800 kilocalories

.
The amount of carbohydrates
is reduced to
200 g per day
, and
fats to 80
g. The diet provides for the consumption of about
120-160 g of protein
per day. The 5p healing table is based on reducing the consumption of nutrients of animal and plant origin, which stimulate increased secretion of the digestive organs, as well as foods rich in fiber, coarse fiber and fatty foods.

Diet 5p according to Pevzner for exacerbation of pancreatitis

This diet is prescribed for 3-4 days

after the onset of exacerbation of the disease, immediately after a therapeutic hunger strike. It has a low energy value - no more than 1500 kcal, and most of the nutrients should be supplied to the body with protein foods. The amount of protein allowed for consumption is also reduced - only 80 g per day, and 65% of it, according to the standards, is vegetable protein.

In the acute stage of pancreatitis, consumption of up to 1.5 liters of fluid per day is allowed.

In acute pancreatitis, a mechanical and chemical gentle diet is required. It is allowed to eat only pureed food, steamed or boiled in water. The consistency of the products consumed should be liquid. It is recommended to eat little and often. If the patient’s vomiting cannot be eliminated, intravenous nutrition is prescribed.

How long should you stick to Diet 5?

Diet 5 can be used long-term , for 1.5–2 years. It is worth noting here that outside of periods of exacerbation, nutrition according to diet 5 is not much different from a healthy diet, with the exception of some features that must be taken into account. Important aspects of diet 5 are mechanical and chemical sparing of the stomach and intestines, frequency of meals and avoidance of certain foods, which will be discussed in more detail below.

You need to eat small portions 5-6 times a day. Dishes are served boiled, baked without a rough crust, stewed, steamed. The temperature of the prepared dishes is 20-52°C.

Diet 5p according to Pevzner in remission

The second type of diet 5p was developed for patients with pancreatitis in the stage of fading exacerbation (usually this phase begins on the 5-7th day of the disease), as well as for cases when the disease has gone into remission (within 2-4 months after the removal of acute symptoms).

70% of those suffering from pancreatitis are alcoholics.

This diet is moderate in calories, high in protein and vitamins, and also excludes the consumption of fatty, cholesterol-rich foods, as well as foods that cause fermentation in the intestines and flatulence. Prohibited foods include thermally unprocessed fruits and vegetables, fresh milk and baked goods, refractory fats, and essential oils.

At this stage of treatment, the absorption of liquid and grated food is allowed. You should also adhere to fractional meals.

Diet No. 5p according to Pevzner

The original table 5 is not only suitable for those who suffer from pancreatitis. The diet is intended for patients with cholecystitis, chronic or acute hepatitis during the recovery period, cirrhosis (beyond the stage of liver failure and in the absence of other gastrointestinal pathologies).

The essence of the method is to enrich the diet with lipotropic substances, for example, lecithin, choline and methionine. The amount of liquid and fiber in the diet is added, and refractory fats, cholesterol-containing, nitrogenous extractive substances are excluded if possible. This helps to normalize the functioning of the biliary tract and liver, the accumulation of glycogen in it, and stimulates bile secretion and intestinal motility.

Diet menu option No. 5p when an exacerbation subsides

An approximate menu for a patient with pancreatitis following treatment table 5p is as follows:

1. 1st breakfast
   : grated porridge with liquid and without oil, diluted tea without sugar or milk jelly;
2. 2nd breakfast
   : a glass of medicinal water or jelly with boiled fruit;
3. lunch
   : viscous soup with oatmeal, ground meat and vegetable puree, uzvar;
4. afternoon snack
   : steamed omelette made from egg whites, a glass of liquid;
5. dinner
   : baked cottage cheese or apple, grated porridge;
6. 2-3 hours before sleep
   : crackers, dry cookies, water.

Diet 5p: Menu for a week for pancreatitis

1st day (Monday)

Breakfast: thin oatmeal porridge with water, rye flour bread, weak tea (with lemon).

Snack: baked apples.

Lunch: rice soup, steamed chicken cutlets, mashed potatoes without oil, berry compote.

Afternoon snack: yogurt.

Dinner: cottage cheese casserole, rosehip tea.

Day 2 (Tuesday)

Breakfast: semolina on water with jam, any tea.

Snack: pear.

Lunch: cabbage soup or rassolnik, steamed fish cutlets, small pasta.

Afternoon snack: omelette with vegetables.

Dinner: rice casserole with ground beef.

Day 3 (Wednesday)

Breakfast: cottage cheesecake (without flour), tea with lemon.

Snack: orange.

Lunch: buckwheat soup, steamed veal chop with cream sauce, boiled carrot salad.

Afternoon snack: semolina porridge on water with jam.

Dinner: roast beef.

Day 4 (Thursday)

Breakfast: steam omelette, beetroot salad, tea (herbal, black, green).

Snack: tangerine.

Lunch: borscht with sour cream, pumpkin casserole with chicken.

Afternoon snack: grated carrot salad with low-fat sour cream.

Dinner: baked or grilled chicken, vinaigrette without beans and sour cucumbers.

Day 5 (Friday)

Breakfast: steamed cheesecakes with low-fat sour cream, tea.

Snack: baked apples.

Lunch: oatmeal soup, steamed fish cutlets, buckwheat.

Afternoon snack: yogurt or fermented baked milk, diluted carrot juice.

Dinner: grilled or baked fish with vegetables, dried fruit compote.

Day 6 (Saturday)

Breakfast: millet porridge with water, tea.

Snack: watermelon.

Lunch: soup with small pasta, beef meatballs with sour cream or egg-sour cream sauce.

Snack: cottage cheese.

Dinner: cabbage rolls without tomato (do not eat cabbage), cranberry juice.

Day 7 (Sunday)

Breakfast: oatmeal, stale bread, jam, tea.

Snack: tangerine.

Lunch: pickle or cabbage soup, steamed beef cutlets.

Afternoon snack: dumplings with cherries.

Dinner: boiled chicken breast, vegetable stew.

Diet menu option No. 5p in remission

Unprocessed food is allowed here.

1. 1st breakfast
   : salad of boiled vegetables, boiled unleavened meat, crumbly porridge;
2. 2nd breakfast
   : unsweetened dried fruits, warm drink, crackers;
3. lunch
   : vegetable soup (zucchini, carrots, potatoes), boiled lean fish with vegetables, baked apple;
4. afternoon snack
   : low-fat cottage cheese, fruit drink;
5. dinner
   : steamed meat soufflé, pasta, tea;
6. 2-3 hours before bedtime
   : tea with milk, unleavened cookies.

The table below contains a list of foods recommended for consumption, as well as what should not be eaten by those suffering from pancreatic diseases and chronic cholecystitis.

Even after the patient enters a state of stable remission, you should avoid foods prohibited by the 5p diet, since their use can lead to another exacerbation.

Diet number 5p: general rules

The author of the method is considered to be the famous gastroenterologist and nutritionist Pevzner M.I., who outlined the main postulates:

• Avoid fatty and fat-containing foods, depending on the degree of organ damage.
• Eat foods that contain carbohydrates and proteins within normal limits.
• Forget about all cold dishes, for example, ice cream, jellied meat or even compote from the refrigerator. Food should always be warm.
• Products with a high content of fiber or pectin should be pureed.
• You can only cook in water, steam or bake. Fried foods are completely excluded from the diet.
• Try to minimize the salt content or avoid it altogether if possible.
• Purines in foods or oxalic acid are completely prohibited.

The name of the diet is not at all accidental. The 5p diet is five meals a day. You need to eat in small portions, and before the first meal, drink a glass of warm water.

pros

• Light diet.
• Acceptable for different degrees of damage.
• Easy to prepare.

Minuses

• Ban on certain foods.
• The need to constantly monitor your diet.
• Cooking separately from relatives living together.
• A ban on stopping the diet, due to the threat of developing chronic conditions and more serious consequences.

Contraindications

• Diabetes of both types.
• Oncology.
• Pregnancy and lactation.

Products that are used for cooking in the 5p diet

• Rice, oatmeal, buckwheat.
• Small pasta.
• Toast made from 1-2 grades of flour.
• Low-fat fish varieties.
• Beef, turkey, chicken, veal.
• Low-fat cheese.
• Cottage cheese, diluted milk, kefir, yogurt, low-fat cream and sour cream.
• Pumpkin, squash, zucchini, beets, carrots, eggplants, potatoes.
• Eggs.
• Dried fruits.
• Unleavened apples.
• Weak tea (black, green, herbal selectively).
• Jellies, jams, mousses, honey, preserves, marmalade (in limited quantities).
• Mineral water (still).
• Vegetable oil.
• Butter (in limited quantities).

Foods that should be excluded during the 5p diet

• Semi-finished products.
• Canned food.
• Sausage, smoked meats, frankfurters, sausages.
• Salted and dried fish.
• Heavily salted meat.
• Coffee, cocoa.
• Energetic drinks.
• Alcoholic drinks.
• Chocolate.
• Cakes and pastries with butter cream.
• Candies.
• Ice cream.
• Sweet carbonated drinks.
• Fresh pastries (sweet and savory).
• Pork, lard, lamb.
• Fat bird (goose, duck).
• Pickles.
• Spicy foods with lots of spices.
• Sorrel, cabbage, radish, garlic.
• Bananas, grapes.
• Legumes.

How to create a menu for the week

The composition of the diet for seven days depends entirely on the degree of damage to the pancreas. Therefore, the easiest way is to do it yourself. All dishes must contain only products from the list of permitted ones. To simplify the task for a beginner, you can use templates compiled by nutritionists, which can be arbitrarily adjusted to your own tastes and preferences.

Drinking regime for pancreatitis

Most metabolic processes in the human body occur in an aquatic environment. Water is necessary for the production of gastric secretions

, and also takes part in the neutralization of stomach acids. Doctors recommend that patients with pancreatitis drink 1.5 to 2 liters of fluid per day. But consuming 3 liters of liquid is no longer advisable, as it can cause kidney failure and swelling.

If you have pancreatitis, you are allowed to drink:

• non-concentrated non-acidic juice (natural);
• herbal tea with anti-inflammatory effect (rose hips, chamomile, dill);
• weak tea without sugar or with a minimal amount of it (green, hibiscus, black is better to limit);
• oat bran decoction;
• alkaline mineral waters (Borjomi, Narzan, Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17);
• diluted milk jelly.

In case of pancreatitis, the consumption of alcohol, coffee, soda, sour and fermented drinks is strictly contraindicated.

When following the drinking regime, you should adhere to the following recommendations:

• maintain 1.5-0.5 hours between meals and drinks;
• drink only decarbonated drinks;
• preheat the drink to 35-390C;
• absorb no more than 300 g of liquid at one time.

Drinking cold liquid stimulates contraction of the stomach muscles, which leads to the movement of insufficiently digested food masses further into the intestines, or to vomiting.

Features of baby food for pancreatitis

If a child is ill, parents should especially strictly monitor adherence to the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas. Sample menu

, compiled by Pevzner for adults, can also be offered to children.

Recipes for children with pancreatitis are no different from recipes for adults, except that the prepared dishes must look appetizing so that the baby wants to try them.

For example, you can prepare your child pumpkin cream soup, cottage cheese casserole, or apples baked with cottage cheese and raisins.

If a child is invited to an event that involves food, adults should either accompany him and monitor his diet, or warn the hosts of the holiday about your child’s restrictions, and also ask them to ensure the availability of dietary food.