Diet for gastritis and bulbitis

What is the disease?

When the inflammatory process occurring in the area of ​​the duodenum and stomach occurs and becomes chronic, doctors often diagnose erosive bulbitis (erosive gastritis).

The disease often occurs against the background of ongoing duodenitis. The pathological process is formed as a result of the action of Helicobacter pylori bacteria on the mucous membrane. They initially affect the bile ducts, and then the digestive organs. In addition, superficial gastritis occurs quite often in patients; erosive bulbitis develops against the background of ongoing inflammatory processes due to improper or untimely treatment. Read more about this disease in this article: https://www.syl.ru/article/100464/chto -takoe-erozivnyiy-bulbit-i-kak-ego-lechit.

General rules

Chronic gastritis is characterized by inflammatory and dystrophic changes in the gastric mucosa, which are detected during endoscopic examination. In clinical practice, a combination of gastritis and duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum) or bulbitis (inflammation of the bulb - the initial part of the duodenum) is often encountered.
The causes of these diseases are errors in diet, nervous stress, smoking and alcohol abuse. Both diseases have much in common - this explains their combination in almost all patients. These diseases can be classified as acid-dependent conditions that develop when the protective factors of the lining of the duodenum and stomach are disrupted, and when there are aggressive factors. Helicobacter pyloric can be distinguished , but its role is more significant in the case of chronic gastritis . In chronic duodenitis, the acid-peptic factor plays a more significant role. The process in the stomach supports the process in the duodenal bulb and vice versa.

The processed stomach contents, which have an acidic environment, enter the duodenal bulb, and the main function of this section is to bring it to an alkaline environment. This is possible thanks to the Brunner's glands, which produce an alkalizing secretion. Poor nutrition and stress activate acid formation, and the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection maintains constant inflammation.

Long-term inflammation leads to damage to the Brunner's glands and loss of functional characteristics of the bulb, so the acidic contents have a constant irritating effect on its mucosa. If this is accompanied by bile reflux (bile is thrown into the stomach through the bulb), then this reduces the protective barrier of the gastric mucosa and causes chronic inflammation of the stomach. This creates a vicious circle.

Symptoms of the disease are quite varied: a feeling of heaviness in the epigastrium or aching pain that occurs 2 hours after eating, loss of appetite, sometimes heartburn or belching, bloating. catarrhal or erosive gastritis and bulbitis occur .

Diet treatment for gastritis and bulbitis is of great importance, since irregular food intake, consumption of spices and spicy foods cause exacerbation. With gastritis and bulbitis, there is most often an increased acid-forming function of the stomach, so patients are recommended to follow Diet No. 1 , as with a peptic ulcer. Strict restrictions must be observed during the period of exacerbation, especially with erosive lesions of the mucous membrane, when the patient is bothered by severe pain. At this time, the gastrointestinal tract needs to create maximum peace and the doctor may recommend a version of Table No. 1 - Diet No. 1A .

It limits any effects of food (chemical, thermal and mechanical) and creates the most gentle regime. Eating only pureed food in a mushy state helps reduce inflammation. Rich broths that stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretion, any vegetables (a little later they are introduced in the form of puree, but legumes, mushrooms, radishes, radishes) and tough meat are not allowed. Frequent meals in small portions are organized.

During a period of severe exacerbation, the patient can use:

• slimy (somewhat later pureed) soups with egg-milk dressing and butter;
• boiled meat and fish dishes, thoroughly whipped in a blender and brought to the state of semi-liquid pates;
• steamed curd soufflé, milk and cream;
• steam omelette;
• pureed liquid porridges according to the patient’s preferences: buckwheat, rice, oatmeal, semolina, which are boiled in water or with milk;
• berry jelly;
• weak tea with milk, infusion of rose hips.

After a week, meals are expanded, and in the future a transition to Table No. 1 . The timing of its implementation is determined by the patient’s condition. The diet for gastritis and bulbitis includes:

• exclusion of irritating foods: garlic, onions, cranberries, tomatoes, citrus juices, peppers, sour fruit juices, alcohol, ginger, chocolate, turnips, radishes;
• products that increase the formation of gases: cabbage, kvass, beer, legumes, yeast baked goods;
• products that enhance secretion: rich broths, spicy, fried and pickled foods, smoked foods, mustard, coffee, tea, carbonated drinks;
• frequent meals and reducing the amount of food - 200 g per meal;
• increasing protein in the diet and decreasing animal fats (goose, duck, fatty pork, cream pies, cream, lard, fatty lamb);
• the use of stewing, as well as boiling and baking; eating food warm, excluding cold dishes and excessively hot ones that irritate the mucous membranes;
• Table No. 1 is complete and can be adhered to constantly; it can be expanded to the usual diet without the use of spices, herbs, pickles, smoked foods, spicy dishes and canned food.

What forms are there?

Erosive bulbitis of the duodenum can occur for a variety of reasons, in particular, the process of its formation is influenced by: stress, poor heredity and irregular nutrition. There are several forms of this disease, each of which has its own specific characteristics. In particular, there are such forms of the disease as:

• focal;
• ulcerative;
• hemorrhagic.

Focal erosive bulbitis (erosive gastritis) differs from all other forms in that it has a certain localization of inflammation. In this case, the infection affects only the duodenum, without affecting the other digestive organs. Children and adults are equally susceptible to this disease. It has certain, quite characteristic features, including:

• heartburn and bitter taste in the mouth;
• nausea and vomiting;
• belching;
• white coating on the tongue;
• pain in the stomach area.

The ulcerative form of erosive bulbitis (gastritis) is characterized by the fact that the deep layers of the mucosa are affected. Inflammation also affects the muscle layer. For a long time, absolutely no signs are observed, which is very dangerous, since it is often possible to diagnose the disease in the later stages, which can lead to dangerous complications.

When pathological changes occur, gastric acid may be refluxed into the duodenum. As a result, erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis (bulbitis) develops, requiring immediate medical intervention. Basically, this form of the disease occurs when you have bad habits or take potent medications.

Causes

There are a variety of reasons why erosive bulbitis (erosive gastritis) occurs, which include the following:

• violation of nutrition rules;
• prolonged stress;
• infectious processes in the digestive organs;
• genetic factor;
• deterioration of immunity.

Each of these factors in itself is very important and indicates a high risk of a pathological process. Among the main causes of the disease is the aggressiveness of one’s own immune system, which negatively affects pathogens and healthy cells of the body.

Why does the disease develop?

The main cause of the pathology is improper nutrition.

Erosive bulbitis has the same causes as most gastrointestinal diseases:

• infectious disease of the stomach;
• parasite infection;
• errors in nutrition;
• frequent stress;
• duodenogastric reflux;
• long-term use of certain medications;
• radiation and chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer.

Risk factors

The likelihood of developing erosive bulbopathy increases if the patient abuses alcoholic beverages, smokes and uses psychoactive substances, as well as when diagnosing such phenomena as:

People with cirrhosis are more likely to develop this pathology.

• genetic predisposition;
• other gastrointestinal diseases (cirrhosis of the liver, bulboduodenitis);
• diabetes;
• autoimmune diseases affecting the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines.

Symptoms of the disease

At the initial stages of the disease, there are no symptoms of erosive gastritis (bulbit), but over time they become more and more pronounced. The danger of this pathology is that the symptoms are similar to many other diseases. Mostly painful sensations are observed before eating food, as well as heartburn. If treatment is not started in a timely manner and is not carried out comprehensively, this can provoke serious complications, for example, transition to a chronic form. Among the main signs of the disease it is also necessary to highlight:

• frequent nausea and vomiting with bile;
• the presence of a bitter aftertaste;
• bitter belching and heartburn;
• presence of blood clots during vomiting;
• pain during long breaks between meals;
• general deterioration of health.

If treatment is not carried out in a timely manner, the disease from the acute stage can become chronic. To prevent this, you need to undergo regular examinations and, if necessary, carry out treatment, as well as prevention.

Features of the clinical picture

Unfortunately, people often come to see a doctor when the erosive form of bulbopathy has acquired a dangerous form. The disease has symptoms reminiscent of superficial gastritis and peptic ulcers. The main features include:

• pain in the epigastric zone;
• manifestation of “hunger pains”;
• general weakness;
• nausea, vomiting.

With erosive bulbopathy, vomit has a bitter taste and may contain blood. The bulbous isthmus is vulnerable during inflammation; its walls can be scratched by food particles. Even in the absence of abrasions, a lump of food moving from the stomach into the intestines injures the bulb. Because of this, the patient experiences pain in the epigastric area. Around noon, “hunger pains” begin, arising due to the aggressive effect of gastric juice on the inflamed tissues. Unpleasant sensations are quickly eliminated with the help of milk or antacids. Poor digestion of food against the background of inflammation leads to the fact that the body does not receive all the necessary nutrients. The person weakens, feels overwhelmed, complains of drowsiness and loss of strength.

Carrying out diagnostics

Before starting treatment, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive diagnosis. Its main method is endoscopic examination of the gastric mucosa. A special probe, which is a hollow tube with a light bulb and a camera at the end, is inserted through the mouth and esophagus. Tissue is collected from the affected area, which is then examined for the presence of pathogens.

X-rays are also used to identify the disease. First, the patient must drink a barium solution, which will stain the inner surface of the digestive organs, making it possible to examine the pathological process.

Additionally, laboratory tests of blood and stool are prescribed. The detection of red blood cells in the stool indicates the presence of gastric bleeding. In addition, blood tests may reveal anemia.

Features of treatment

Treatment of erosive gastritis (bulbit) implies an integrated approach to therapy. You definitely need to change your usual work routine and give up bad habits. During an exacerbation, a strict diet is required.

For treatment, medications are used to help normalize acidity and intestinal function. In addition, taking medications that promote healing of the affected gastric mucosa is indicated. The patient needs a lot of time to recover, so treatment is carried out in specialized sanatoriums.

In addition, good results can be obtained by using traditional medicine. If traditional methods of therapy are ineffective, surgical intervention is performed to help eliminate the pathological process.

Authorized Products

Allowed to use:

• Low-fat meat and poultry, steamed and boiled. During an exacerbation, the diet includes only dishes made from minced meat (cutlets, meatballs, meatballs) or boiled meat whipped in a blender (soufflé, pates). Once the exacerbation subsides, it is recommended to switch to tender pieces of meat. Baking products is also possible.
• Cereal soups (oatmeal, rice, semolina, buckwheat) in vegetable broth with a small amount of vegetables. First, they are pureed (pureeed or pureed soups are prepared), and then you can simply boil the cereals well and chop the vegetables finely. Boiled meat minced in a meat grinder, cream, beaten egg, butter, as well as dried dill and parsley are added to soups.
• Dried wheat bread or bread croutons. During the period of remission, it is possible to eat unhealthy baked goods.
• Mild homemade sauces (milk, sour cream or cream).
• Low-fat fish in the form of cutlet-based dishes. They are steamed or baked. Considering that the amount of animal protein in the diet needs to be increased, meat or fish dishes are included in the menu twice a day.
• Cereals (rice in the absence of constipation, buckwheat, oatmeal, semolina) from which first pureed porridge is prepared, and then boiled. At the request of the patient, they can be prepared with water or with the addition of some milk. A piece of butter is added to prepared dishes.
• Vegetable puree from potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin with the addition of cream or butter. These same vegetables can be added to soups and also prepared vegetable soufflés.
• Milk (if tolerated well, you can drink up to 3-4 glasses a day), milk jelly, non-sour cottage cheese diluted with milk, cottage cheese soufflé. During the period of remission, you can eat baked cheesecakes or lazy dumplings.
• Eggs (up to two daily) are prepared soft-boiled or as a steam omelet.
• Vegetable and butter.
• Berries only in processed form at first - jelly, jellies, mousses, baked apples, to which honey can be added after cooking.
• Drinks include bran decoction, rosehip infusion, weak tea (possibly with added milk), diluted juices, filtered water.
• Desserts include meringues, marshmallows, marshmallows, meringues, jam and honey - all in moderation.

Table of permitted products

Medications

When erosive bulbitis occurs, treatment is carried out in stages. First of all, therapeutic measures are aimed at eliminating the causes that provoked the onset of the disease. If Helicobacter pylori bacteria are detected, antibiotics are prescribed and taken for a long time.

Antimicrobial agents are also prescribed, in particular Metronidazole. If too strong antibiotics are used for a long time, then the biological additive “Rioflora balance” is additionally used. Antispasmodics are also required that eliminate spasms of the stomach muscles and relieve pain, in particular, such as “Spazmolgon” or “No-shpa”.

When carrying out treatment, it is necessary to normalize the acidity of gastric juice, and even change its chemical composition, as this will help protect the affected mucosa from aggressive influences. For this purpose, antacid drugs are used that can block hydrochloric acid. Improved digestion is achieved by prescribing the medications Mezim and Digestal.

Restoration of the gastric mucosa is required. This requires medications that can enrich the affected areas with oxygen. Drugs such as Trental and Iberogast will help speed up recovery.

During an exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease, doctors recommend bed rest.

ethnoscience

When erosive bulbitis occurs, folk remedies and methods for treatment are widely used. They are used as an adjunct to drug therapy. Good means are:

• propolis tincture;
• wheat sprouts;
• sea ​​buckthorn oil;
• green apples.

For prolonged pain, propolis tincture helps to cope with the problem. Another good way to get rid of inflammation and soreness is sea buckthorn oil. You can purchase it ready-made or prepare it yourself.

Before carrying out treatment with traditional methods, you must first consult with your doctor, as they may have certain contraindications.

Diet

When erosive gastritis (bulbit) occurs, a diet is mandatory. It implies the exclusion of certain products from the usual menu. Allowed for consumption:

• lean varieties of fish and meat;
• eggs;
• cereals;
• vegetables and fruits.

Food must be chewed thoroughly and must be at an optimal temperature. Throughout the entire period of treatment, you must follow a strict diet, and then you are allowed to gradually switch to a more gentle diet.

It is prohibited to consume various pickles, smoked foods, spicy, fatty foods, chocolate, and alcoholic beverages. Meals should be taken in small portions and at strictly defined times. Dishes are best stewed or cooked using the boiling method.

Fully or partially limited products

Excluded:

• Any broths, pickled and pickled vegetables, fried and spicy foods, fats, fatty meats, smoked meats and sausages, coarse meat with tendons.
• Vegetables, fruits and berries in raw form (during an exacerbation period). A little later they are introduced into the diet.
• Millet, pearl barley, barley, and corn cereals, which are considered difficult to digest.
• On an ongoing basis, mushrooms, onions, garlic, radishes, radishes. Legumes and white cabbage are limited if tolerated poorly.
• Fermented milk drinks with high acidity.
• Hot sauces, vinegar, pepper, spices, horseradish, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise.
• Strong tea and coffee, any drinks containing gas, sour fruit juices, kvass.

Table of prohibited products

Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of the disease, it is imperative to carry out prevention. You need to watch your diet, it should be healthy and balanced. It is necessary to prevent chemical, mechanical and thermal injuries to the mucous membrane.

Treatment of any inflammatory processes must be carried out in a timely manner, as they are dangerous due to their complications. It is important to prevent and treat worms.