What foods will cause acute appendicitis?

Development of the disease

This disease cannot be treated at home. Rapid surgical removal of the appendage is required. The result of inaction in acute appendicitis is death. It sounds scary, but we don't want to scare you. Our goal is to alert you so you can quickly take appropriate action when signs of appendicitis occur. In this article we will talk about:

• what can quickly cause appendicitis (including whether there is a danger of developing the disease at home);
• Is it possible to protect yourself from inflammation of the appendix? Are there any rules for preventing this disease?

Acute appendicitis can cause inflammation and infection in the appendix of the cecum. This process is located in the right iliac part of the peritoneum (which is why during an exacerbation the patient feels the most severe pain in this area of ​​the abdomen). The process follows the following scheme:

1. Inflammation begins in the tissues of the appendix. Inflammation occurs suddenly - while relaxing at home or on the street.
2. The appendix stops receiving blood and nutrients.
3. The process begins to quickly die, its walls become fragile.
4. The inflammation continues to spread. Pus begins to form, which can cause complications.
5. During an exacerbation, inflammation quickly spreads to parts of the intestine adjacent to the appendix and other organs.
6. When an abscess ruptures, pus enters the abdominal cavity.

Inflammation, impaired blood supply and suppuration are a process, not a cause. But what can cause these abnormalities to occur in the appendix? There are vascular, immune, mechanical and infectious causes of appendicitis. Moreover, if the disease itself proceeds very quickly, in just one day, then negative factors affect the appendix for a long time until they cause an exacerbation.

How to recognize appendicitis at 2-3 years old

You should be alerted by drowsiness, lethargy, refusal of your favorite food, cartoons, unusual silence and indifference to your signals and suggestions. Characteristic symptoms also include a sharp increase in temperature to (38-40) C and complaints of abdominal pain. At the same time, don’t expect that the answer to the question “Where does it hurt?” the baby will show you the right half of the abdomen, its lowest square, the right iliac region, where (as most adults know) the appendix is ​​located. He will most likely move his hand all over your belly and most likely point at your belly button. In this age group, it is difficult for doctors to suspect appendicitis. A clue is often given by the baby’s forced position (on his left side with his legs pulled up). When you try to lift the child or pull the right leg towards the stomach, the child will resist your actions, scream or cry. If, when pressing on the left side of the abdomen or tapping, the child grabs the right side, it is likely appendicitis and it is time to seek professional help.

Miscarriage between 12 and 22 weeks

Such a miscarriage is considered late. Its causes coincide with the causes of early miscarriages (anatomical, immune, infectious, endocrine).

At this time, miscarriage also occurs due to isthmic-cervical insufficiency - the weak cervix cannot hold the fetus and dilates. For this reason, miscarriage can occur in the 2-3 trimester. Isthmic-cervical insufficiency is observed in 15.0-42.7% of women suffering from miscarriage. Careful monitoring of the pregnant woman allows you to identify the problem in time and perform surgical correction of the cervix before the onset of labor.

For isthmic-cervical insufficiency, there is only one treatment method - mechanical narrowing of the cervical canal. To do this, the neck is either sewn up or a special ring is put on it. However, the latter method is less effective, because the ring can easily slide off the neck, then it will no longer hinder the process of its opening.

After suturing, if necessary, it is possible to use antibiotics and drugs that normalize the vaginal microflora. Treatment of the vagina and monitoring of the condition of the sutures is carried out daily for 5 days. Sutures are removed at 37-38 weeks and in case of premature onset of labor.

Isthmic-cervical insufficiency can be primary (for no apparent reason), or can be a consequence of abortion or hormonal disorders (increased levels of androgens - male sex hormones or their precursors).

Miscarriage after 22 weeks

Such a loss is difficult to forget. Obstetricians talk about premature birth after the 28th week of pregnancy. Traditionally, a child born after this period is considered viable. But medicine knows of many cases where it was possible to save the lives of earlier children.

We recommend that you be thoroughly examined for miscarriage, check the above factors. In addition to them, the cause of miscarriage can be antiphospholipid syndrome, while the woman’s body perceives the child as something foreign and rejects it. This disease, like the others listed, can be corrected, i.e. You have a very real chance of bearing a child.

Miscarriages due to hemostasis disorders

All of the above reasons account for only 30-40%. Up to 70% of miscarriages are caused by disorders in the blood clotting system (hemostasis).

Disorders of the blood coagulation system that lead to pregnancy loss can be divided into thrombophilic (increased coagulation) and hemorrhagic (tendency to bleeding). Both of these extremes are dangerous for the fetus. Various disorders leading to the formation of small blood clots lead to the fact that the fetus loses sufficient blood supply, development is disrupted and the fetus is rejected.

Major hemorrhagic changes can appear in childhood in the form of increased bleeding during cuts, tooth extraction, and the onset of menstruation. But sometimes they manifest themselves only during pregnancy and cause miscarriage. Early bleeding and chorionic detachment are difficult to stop.

You may not realize it, but strange headaches, weakness, fatigue, and a temporary decrease in sense of smell or hearing may be symptoms of disorders in the blood coagulation system.

When planning a pregnancy, you need to undergo a genetic examination and, if necessary, begin treatment.

It is advisable to be examined for hidden hemostasis defects even for those who consider themselves healthy. This will make it possible to predict the occurrence of complications and prevent loss. Early therapy can prevent miscarriage in 98% of cases. If hemostasis defects are discovered already during pregnancy, it can be difficult to maintain it.

What to do after a miscarriage?

Find out the reason! The ideal option is for future parents to be examined: it is much wiser to postpone conception and spend two to three months identifying the reasons than to risk getting pregnant again, spend two months waiting, and then lose everything again and still go to the doctors.

Until you understand the reason, it will not evaporate. In most cases, the answers lie on the surface. Take care of your health and your future baby.

Make an appointment with an obstetrician-gynecologist by calling +7(495)150-60-01

Tyan Oksana Aleksandrovna Head of department, obstetrician-gynecologist Doctor of the highest category Work experience: 24 years

Maksimova Tamara Anatolyevna Obstetrician-gynecologist Work experience: 6 years

Zabolotnova Olga Valentinovna Obstetrician-gynecologist Doctor of the first category Work experience: 24 years

Moiseeva Alla Vitalievna Obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound diagnostics doctor First category doctor Work experience: 35 years

Volkova Polina Dmitrievna Obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound diagnostics doctor Doctor of the highest category Work experience: 34 years

Postnikova Nadezhda Anatolyevna Obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound diagnostics doctor Work experience: 33 years

Shchelokova Elena Nikolaevna Obstetrician-gynecologist Doctor of the highest category Work experience: 36 years

Diagnosis of appendicitis

A surgeon diagnoses appendicitis. First, anamnesis is collected and the patient is interviewed, as well as a visual examination with palpation of the abdomen. The examination reveals clear symptoms indicating the presence of the disease. The following studies are also carried out (not necessarily all from the list - it depends on the specific case):

• general blood and urine tests (particular attention is paid to the level of leukocytes in the blood - in case of appendicitis it is elevated);
• blood chemistry;
• Ultrasound of the abdominal organs;
• CT scan;
• magnetic resonance examination.

Additional studies may also be prescribed:

• stool analysis (for the presence of hidden blood or worm eggs);
• coprogram (comprehensive stool analysis);
• irrigoscopy (x-ray examination of the intestine);
• laparoscopic examination through the abdominal wall.

Causes of appendicitis

The exact causes of the development of the disease have not yet been established. There are several hypotheses, the most common of which are:

• Infection theory . This hypothesis associates the development of acute appendicitis with an imbalance of microflora inside the appendix, as a result of which bacteria that are safe under normal conditions, for unknown reasons, become virulent (poisonous), invade the mucous membrane of the appendix and cause inflammation. The theory was proposed in 1908 by the German pathologist Aschoff, and some modern scientists adhere to it.
• Angioneurotic theory. Its supporters believe that as a result of psychogenic disorders (neuropsychic disorders, for example, neuroses), vascular spasm occurs in the appendix, due to which tissue nutrition is greatly deteriorated. Some areas of tissue die and then become sites of infection. As a result, inflammation develops.
• Stagnation theory . Proponents of this hypothesis believe that appendicitis occurs due to stagnation of feces in the intestines, as a result of which fecal stones (hardened feces) fall inside the appendix.

Modern doctors come to the conclusion that there is no single cause of appendicitis that is relevant for all cases of the disease. Each specific situation may have its own reasons. Risk factors include:

• Blockage of the lumen of the appendix with a foreign body, helminths, tumors (both benign and malignant).
• Infections. The causative agents of typhoid fever, tuberculosis and other diseases can cause inflammation of the appendix.
• Abdominal injuries, which can cause the appendix to move or become kinked and cause further blockage.
• Systemic vasculitis (inflammation of the walls of blood vessels);
• Binge eating;
• Frequent constipation;
• Lack of plant foods in the diet.

The walls of the appendix become more vulnerable to negative factors when the immune system malfunctions.

Symptoms of appendicitis

The appendix is ​​located in the lower abdomen. The first symptom is unbearable pain that appears in the navel area and spreads to the lower right side of the abdomen. The pain worsens over a short period of time when moving, taking a deep breath, coughing or sneezing.

Other typical symptoms:

• nausea, even vomiting
• decreased or complete lack of appetite
• constipation or, conversely, diarrhea
• flatulence, painful bloating
• fever, chills, symptoms of intoxication
• urge to defecate

Signs of inflammation of the appendix may differ in men and women. For example, women experience nausea, vomiting and fever. At the beginning of the development of the disease, the pain is pressing, pulling, and not even necessarily on the right side, which can be mistakenly recognized as gynecological problems.

Then the pain may become cramping, such symptoms most often occur in the evening or at night.

In men with acute inflammation, severe pain in the abdominal area and spontaneous tightening of the right testicle occur. When the scrotum is pulled back, discomfort and pain occur in the anal area and a strong urge to have a bowel movement.

In older people, the symptoms of appendicitis may appear less clearly: minor pain, mild nausea. At the same time, appendicitis in older people is often characterized by a severe course and the development of complications.

In children under 5 years of age, the symptoms of appendicitis are not as pronounced as in adults. The pain often has no clear localization. Appendicitis in a small child can be recognized by increased body temperature, diarrhea and the presence of plaque on the tongue.